Saturday · in 12009 days

1 Shahrivar 1438

Saturday 1 Shahrivar 1438 in the Persian calendar is Saturday, 23 August 2059, and 14 Rabi' al-Awwal 1482 in the Islamic calendar.

This day's Islamic date is not yet officially announced and is an astronomical estimate; it and the day's religious occasions may move by a day.

This day in four calendars

1572 (454 years ago) French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.
1799 (227 years ago) Napoleon Bonaparte leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power.
1939 (87 years ago) World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret protocol to the pact, Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Romania are divided into German and Soviet "spheres of influence".
1966 (60 years ago) Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon.
1989 (37 years ago) Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands.
1990 (36 years ago) Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union.
1990 (36 years ago) Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War.
2023 (3 years ago) Chandrayaan-3 mission initiates first Moon landing in Indian history.

1754 (272 years ago) Louis XVI of France,
1769 (257 years ago) Georges Cuvier, French biologist and academic (died 1832)
1867 (159 years ago) Edgar de Wahl, Ukrainian-Estonian linguist and academic (died 1948)
1912 (114 years ago) Gene Kelly, American actor, singer, and dancer (died 1996)
1921 (105 years ago) Kenneth Arrow, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2017)
1954 (72 years ago) Halimah Yacob, Singaporean unionist and politician, 9th Speaker and 8th President of Singapore
1974 (52 years ago) Konstantin Novoselov, Russian-English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
1978 (48 years ago) Kobe Bryant, American basketball player and businessman (died 2020)

30 BC Caesarion, Egyptian king (born 47 BC)
634 (1392 years ago) Abu Bakr, Arabian caliph (born 573)
1305 (721 years ago) William Wallace, Scottish knight and rebel leader (born c.1270)
1806 (220 years ago) Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist and engineer (born 1736)
1926 (100 years ago) Rudolph Valentino, Italian actor (born 1895)
1933 (93 years ago) Adolf Loos, Austrian architect and theoretician, designed Villa Müller (born 1870)
1997 (29 years ago) John Kendrew, English biochemist and crystallographer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1917)
2023 (3 years ago) Yevgeny Prigozhin, Russian businessman, chief of Wagner Group (born 1961)