28 Mehr 1438

Events

• 1941 (85 years ago) World War II: Thousands of civilians in German-occupied Serbia are murdered in the Kragujevac massacre.
• 1947 (79 years ago) Cold War: The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigation into Communist infiltration of the Hollywood film industry, resulting in a blacklist that prevents some from working in the industry for years.
• 1962 (64 years ago) China launches simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line, igniting the Sino-Indian War.
• 1973 (53 years ago) The Sydney Opera House is opened by Elizabeth II after 14 years of construction.
• 1973 (53 years ago) Watergate scandal: "Saturday Night Massacre": United States President Richard Nixon fires U.S. Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus after they refuse to fire special prosecutor Archibald Cox, who is finally fired by Solicitor General Robert Bork.
• 1977 (49 years ago) A plane carrying the rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd crashes in woodland in Mississippi, United States. Six people, including three band members, are killed.
• 2005 (21 years ago) The general conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) passes the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions.
• 2011 (15 years ago) Libyan Crisis: Rebel forces capture Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi and his son Mutassim in his hometown of Sirte and kill them shortly thereafter, ending the first Libyan civil war.

Births

• 1740 (286 years ago) Isabelle de Charrière, Dutch author and poet (died 1805)
• 1854 (172 years ago) Arthur Rimbaud, French soldier and poet (died 1891)
• 1859 (167 years ago) John Dewey, American psychologist and philosopher (died 1952)
• 1891 (135 years ago) James Chadwick, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1974)
• 1946 (80 years ago) Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1958 (68 years ago) Viggo Mortensen, American-Danish actor and producer
• 1964 (62 years ago) Kamala Harris, American politician and lawyer, 49th Vice President of the United States
• 1971 (55 years ago) Snoop Dogg, American rapper, producer, and actor

Deaths

• 1187 (839 years ago) Pope Urban III,
• 1740 (286 years ago) Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1685)
• 1964 (62 years ago) Herbert Hoover, American engineer and politician, 31st President of the United States (born 1874)
• 1984 (42 years ago) Paul Dirac, English-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902)
• 1987 (39 years ago) Andrey Kolmogorov, Russian mathematician and academic (born 1903)
• 1994 (32 years ago) Burt Lancaster, American actor (born 1913)
• 2011 (15 years ago) Muammar Gaddafi, Libyan colonel and politician, Prime Minister of Libya (born 1942)
• 2024 (2 years ago) Fethullah Gülen, Turkish preacher and theologian (born 1941)

All 399 events, births and deaths of October 20