22 Tir 1402 | Thursday 13 July 2023

This day in four calendars

1831 (195 years ago) Regulamentul Organic, a quasi-constitutional organic law, is adopted in Wallachia, one of the two Danubian Principalities that were to become the basis of Romania.
1878 (148 years ago) Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
1914 (112 years ago) Felix Ysagun Manalo registers the Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ) as Iglesia ni Kristo with the government of the Philippines.
1977 (49 years ago) Somalia declares war on Ethiopia, starting the Ogaden War.
1977 (49 years ago) Amidst a period of financial and social turmoil, New York City experiences an electrical blackout lasting nearly 24 hours that leads to widespread fires and looting.
1985 (41 years ago) The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Moscow and Sydney.
2003 (23 years ago) French DGSE personnel abort an operation to rescue Íngrid Betancourt from FARC rebels in Colombia, causing a political scandal when details are leaked to the press.
2024 (2 years ago) Former president of the United States Donald Trump is injured in an assassination attempt while speaking at an election campaign rally near Butler, Pennsylvania.

1590 (436 years ago) Pope Clement X,
1894 (132 years ago) Isaac Babel, Russian short story writer, journalist, and playwright (died 1940)
1927 (99 years ago) Simone Veil, French lawyer and politician, President of the European Parliament (died 2017)
1934 (92 years ago) Wole Soyinka, Nigerian author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
1940 (86 years ago) Patrick Stewart, English actor, director, and producer
1942 (84 years ago) Harrison Ford, American actor and producer
1950 (76 years ago) Ma Ying-jeou, Hong Kong-Taiwanese commander and politician, 12th President of the Republic of China
2007 (19 years ago) Lamine Yamal, Spanish footballer

1793 (233 years ago) Jean-Paul Marat, Swiss-French physician, scientist and theorist (born 1743)
1921 (105 years ago) Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourger physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1845)
1951 (75 years ago) Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian-American composer and painter (born 1874)
1954 (72 years ago) Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (born 1907)
2014 (12 years ago) Nadine Gordimer, South African novelist, short story writer, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1923)
2017 (9 years ago) Liu Xiaobo, Chinese literary critic, human rights activist (born 1955)
2024 (2 years ago) Richard Simmons, American fitness personality and public figure (born 1948)
2025 (a year ago) Muhammadu Buhari, Nigerian general and politician, 7th & 15th President of Nigeria (born 1942)