19 Aban 1401

Events

• 1674 (352 years ago) Third Anglo-Dutch War: As provided in the Treaty of Westminster, Netherlands cedes New Netherland to England.
• 1940 (86 years ago) The 1940 Vrancea earthquake strikes Romania killing an estimated 1,000 and injuring approximately 4,000 more.
• 1945 (81 years ago) Heavy fighting in Surabaya between Indonesian nationalists and returning colonialists after World War II, today celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan).
• 1971 (55 years ago) In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city of Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine aircraft.
• 1975 (51 years ago) Treaty of Osimo between Yugoslavia and Italy
• 1995 (31 years ago) In Nigeria, playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa, along with eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (Mosop), are hanged by government forces.
• 2008 (18 years ago) Over five months after landing on Mars, NASA declares the Phoenix mission concluded after communications with the lander were lost.
• 2020 (6 years ago) Armenia and Azerbaijan sign a ceasefire agreement, ending the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, and prompting protests in Armenia.

Births

• 1483 (543 years ago) Martin Luther, German monk and priest, leader of the Protestant Reformation (died 1546)
• 1697 (329 years ago) William Hogarth, English painter, illustrator, and critic (died 1764)
• 1728 (298 years ago) Oliver Goldsmith, Irish-English author, poet, and playwright (died 1774)
• 1759 (267 years ago) Friedrich Schiller, German poet and playwright (died 1805)
• 1919 (107 years ago) Mikhail Kalashnikov, Russian general and engineer, designed the AK-47 (died 2013)
• 1925 (101 years ago) Richard Burton, Welsh actor and singer (died 1984)
• 1928 (98 years ago) Ennio Morricone, Italian trumpet player, composer, and conductor (died 2020)
• 1960 (66 years ago) Neil Gaiman, English author, illustrator, and screenwriter

Deaths

• 461 (1565 years ago) Pope Leo I,
• 1241 (785 years ago) Pope Celestine IV,
• 1549 (477 years ago) Pope Paul III,
• 1891 (135 years ago) Arthur Rimbaud, French poet and educator (born 1854)
• 1938 (88 years ago) Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of the Republic of Turkey, Turkish field marshal and statesman, 1st President of Turkey (born 1881)
• 1982 (44 years ago) Leonid Brezhnev, Ukrainian-Russian general and politician, 4th Head of State of the Soviet Union (born 1906)
• 2007 (19 years ago) Norman Mailer, American novelist and essayist (born 1923)
• 2015 (11 years ago) Helmut Schmidt, German soldier, economist, and politician, 5th Chancellor of Germany (born 1918)

All 452 events, births and deaths of November 10