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Events

• 1290 (736 years ago) Ladislaus IV, King of Hungary, is assassinated at the castle of Körösszeg (modern-day Cheresig in Romania).
• 1940 (86 years ago) World War II: Six days before Adolf Hitler issues his Directive 16 to the combined Wehrmacht armed forces for Operation Sea Lion, the Kanalkampf shipping attacks begin against British maritime convoys in the leadup to initiating the Battle of Britain.
• 1948 (78 years ago) The official establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).: 121
• 1967 (59 years ago) New Zealand decimalises its former currency to the modern-day New Zealand dollar.
• 1976 (50 years ago) Four mercenaries (one American and three British) are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial.
• 1995 (31 years ago) Burmese politician Aung San Suu Kyi is released from house arrest.
• 2008 (18 years ago) Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Boškoski is acquitted of all war-crimes charges by a United Nations tribunal.
• 2017 (9 years ago) Iraqi Civil War: Mosul is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant by the government of Iraq.

Births

• 1509 (517 years ago) John Calvin, French pastor and theologian (died 1564)
• 1830 (196 years ago) Camille Pissarro, Danish-French painter (died 1903)
• 1856 (170 years ago) Nikola Tesla, Serbian-American electrical and mechanical engineer (died 1943)
• 1871 (155 years ago) Marcel Proust, French novelist, critic, and essayist (died 1922)
• 1925 (101 years ago) Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysian physician and politician, 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia
• 1931 (95 years ago) Alice Munro, Canadian short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2024)
• 1951 (75 years ago) Rajnath Singh, Indian Politician and Union Home Minister of India
• 1980 (46 years ago) Jessica Simpson, American singer-songwriter, actress, and fashion designer

Deaths

• 138 (1888 years ago) Hadrian, Roman emperor (born 76)
• 983 (1043 years ago) Benedict VII, pope of the Catholic Church
• 1559 (467 years ago) Henry II, king of France (born 1519)
• 1584 (442 years ago) William I, Dutch nobleman (born 1533)
• 1851 (175 years ago) Louis Daguerre, French photographer and physicist, invented the daguerreotype (born 1787)
• 1884 (142 years ago) Paul Morphy, American chess player (born 1837)
• 2006 (20 years ago) Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist rebel leader (born 1965)
• 2015 (11 years ago) Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor (born 1932)

All 454 events, births and deaths of July 10