21 Esfand 1393

Events

• 1912 (114 years ago) The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts of the USA) are founded in the United States.
• 1913 (113 years ago) The future capital of Australia is officially named Canberra.
• 1918 (108 years ago) Moscow becomes the capital of Russia again after Saint Petersburg held this status for most of the period since 1713.
• 1930 (96 years ago) Mahatma Gandhi begins the Salt March, a 200-mile (320 km) march to the sea to protest the British monopoly on salt in India.
• 1940 (86 years ago) Winter War: Finland signs the Moscow Peace Treaty with the Soviet Union, ceding almost all of Finnish Karelia.
• 1968 (58 years ago) Mauritius gains independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1971 (55 years ago) The 1971 Turkish military memorandum is sent to the Süleyman Demirel government of Turkey and the government resigns.
• 2020 (6 years ago) The United States suspends travel from Europe due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Births

• 1685 (341 years ago) George Berkeley, Irish bishop and philosopher (died 1753)
• 1824 (202 years ago) Gustav Kirchhoff, Russian-German physicist and academic (died 1887)
• 1863 (163 years ago) Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian soldier, journalist, poet, and playwright (died 1938)
• 1922 (104 years ago) Jack Kerouac, American author and poet (died 1969)
• 1925 (101 years ago) Leo Esaki, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1943 (83 years ago) Ratko Mladić, Serbian general
• 1946 (80 years ago) Liza Minnelli, American actress, singer and dancer
• 1947 (79 years ago) Mitt Romney, American businessman and politician, 70th Governor of Massachusetts

Deaths

• 417 (1609 years ago) Innocent I, pope of the Catholic Church
• 604 (1422 years ago) Gregory I, pope of the Catholic Church (born 540)
• 1916 (110 years ago) Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Austrian author (born 1830)
• 1925 (101 years ago) Sun Yat-sen, Chinese physician and politician, 1st President of the Republic of China (born 1866)
• 1942 (84 years ago) William Henry Bragg, English physicist, chemist, and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1862)
• 1955 (71 years ago) Charlie Parker, American saxophonist and composer (born 1920)
• 2003 (23 years ago) Zoran Đinđić, Serbian philosopher and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Serbia (born 1952)
• 2015 (11 years ago) Terry Pratchett, English journalist, author, and screenwriter (born 1948)

All 397 events, births and deaths of March 12