1 Azar 1372

Events

• 1574 (452 years ago) Spanish navigator Juan Fernández discovers islands now known as the Juan Fernández Islands off Chile.
• 1635 (391 years ago) Dutch colonial forces on Taiwan launch a pacification campaign against native villages, resulting in Dutch control of the middle and south of the island.
• 1940 (86 years ago) World War II: Following the initial Italian invasion, Greek troops counterattack into Italian-occupied Albania and capture Korytsa.
• 1942 (84 years ago) World War II: Battle of Stalingrad: General Friedrich Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram saying that the German 6th Army is surrounded.
• 1943 (83 years ago) Lebanon gains independence from France, nearly two years after it was first announced by the Free French government.
• 1955 (71 years ago) The Soviet Union launches RDS-37, a 1.6 megaton two stage hydrogen bomb designed by Andrei Sakharov. The bomb was dropped over Semipalatinsk.
• 1967 (59 years ago) UN Security Council Resolution 242 is adopted, establishing a set of the principles aimed at guiding negotiations for an Arab–Israeli peace settlement.
• 2004 (22 years ago) The Orange Revolution begins in Ukraine, resulting from the presidential elections.

Births

• 1744 (282 years ago) Abigail Adams, American wife of John Adams, 2nd First Lady of the United States (died 1818)
• 1819 (207 years ago) George Eliot, English novelist and poet (died 1880)
• 1869 (157 years ago) André Gide, French novelist, essayist, and dramatist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1951)
• 1890 (136 years ago) Charles de Gaulle, French general and politician, President of France (died 1970)
• 1940 (86 years ago) Terry Gilliam, American-English actor, director, animator, and screenwriter
• 1954 (72 years ago) Paolo Gentiloni, Italian politician, Prime Minister of Italy
• 1967 (59 years ago) Mark Ruffalo, American actor
• 1984 (42 years ago) Scarlett Johansson, American actress

Deaths

• 1617 (409 years ago) Ahmed I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Caliph of Islam (born 1590)
• 1916 (110 years ago) Jack London, American novelist and journalist (born 1876)
• 1944 (82 years ago) Arthur Eddington, English astrophysicist and astronomer (born 1882)
• 1963 (63 years ago) John F. Kennedy, American politician, 35th President of the United States (born 1917)
• 1963 (63 years ago) Aldous Huxley, English novelist and philosopher (born 1894)
• 1963 (63 years ago) C. S. Lewis, British writer, literary scholar, and Anglican lay theologian (born 1898)
• 1980 (46 years ago) Mae West, American stage and film actress (born 1893)
• 1993 (33 years ago) Anthony Burgess, English novelist, playwright, and critic (born 1917)

All 351 events, births and deaths of November 22